A personal health record (PHR) is an electronic application which enables patients to collect and share their health information. With the development of cloud computing, many PHR services have been outsourced to cloud servers. Cloud computing makes it easier for patients to manage their personal health records and makes it easier for doctors and researchers to share and access this information. However, due to the high sensitivity of PHR, a series of security protections are needed to protect them, such as encryption and access control. In this article, we propose an attribute set-based Boolean keyword search scheme, which can realize fine-grained access control and Boolean keyword search over encrypted PHR. Compared with the existing attribute-based searchable encryption, our solution can not only improve the flexibility in specifying access policies but also perform Boolean keyword search, which can meet the needs of large-scale PHR users. Furthermore, we simulate our scheme, and the experimental results show that our scheme is practical for PHR systems in cloud computing.