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Comprehensive organic emission profiles for gasoline, diesel, and gas-turbine engines including intermediate and semi-volatile organic compound emissions

Preprint published in 2018 by Quanyang Lu, Yunliang Zhao, Allen L. Robinson
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Preprint: policy unknown
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Postprint: policy unknown
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Published version: policy unknown

Abstract

Emissions from mobile sources are important contributors to both primary and secondary organic aerosols (POA and SOA) in urban environments. We compiled recently published data to create comprehensive model-ready organic emission profiles for on- and off-road gasoline, gas-turbine, and diesel engines. The profiles span the entire volatility range, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs, effective saturation concentration C* = 10 7 –10 11 µg/m 3 ), intermediate-volatile organic compounds (IVOCs, C* = 10 3 –10 6 µg/m 3 ), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs, C* = 1–10 2 µg/m 3 ), low-volatile organic compounds (LVOCs, C* ≤ 0.1 µg/m 3 ) and non-volatile organic compounds (NVOCs). Organic emissions from all three source categories feature tri-modal volatility distributions ("by-product" mode, "fuel" mode, and "lubricant oil" mode). Despite wide variations in emission factors for total organics, the mass fractions of IVOCs and SVOCs are relatively consistent across sources using the same fuel type; for example, contributing 4.5 % (2.4–9.6 % as 10 th to 90 th percentile) and 1.1 % (0.4–3.6 %) for gasoline engine emissions, respectively. This suggests that a single profile can be used to represent the emissions from sources operating on the same fuel. Gasoline and gas-turbine emissions are enriched in IVOCs relative to unburned fuel. The new profiles predict that IVOCs and SVOC vapor contribute significantly to SOA production. We compare our new profiles to traditional source profiles and various scaling approach used previously to estimate IVOC emissions. These comparisons reveal large errors in these different approaches ranging from failure to account for IVOC emissions (traditional source profiles) to assuming source-invariant scaling ratios (most IVOC scaling approaches). The profiles are designed to be directly implemented into chemical transport models and inventories.

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