Air quality in rural India is impacted by residential cooking and heating with biomass fuels. In this study, emissions of CO, CO 2 , and 76 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) were quantified to better understand the relationship between cook fire emissions and ambient ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation. Cooking was carried out by a local cook and traditional dishes were prepared on locally built chulha or angithi cookstoves using brushwood or dung fuels. Cook fire emissions were collected throughout the cooking event in a Kynar bag (VOCs) and on PTFE filters (PM 2.5 ). Gas samples were transferred from a Kynar bag to previously evacuated stainless steel canisters and analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization, electron capture, and mass spectrometry detectors. Filter samples were weighed to calculate PM 2.5 emission factors. Dung fuels and angithi cookstoves resulted in significantly higher emissions of most VOCs (p < 0.05). Utilizing dung- angithi cook fires resulted in twice as much of the measured VOCs compared to dung- chulha , and four times as much as brushwood- chulha with 84.0, 43.2, and 17.2 g VOC/kg fuel carbon, respectively. This matches expectations, as the use of dung fuels and angithi cookstoves results in lower modified combustion efficiencies compared to brushwood fuels and chulha cookstoves. Alkynes and benzene were exceptions and had significantly higher emissions when cooking using a chulha as opposed to an angithi with dung fuel (benzene EFs: dung- chulha 3.18 g/kg fuel carbon and dung- angithi 2.38 g/kg fuel carbon). This study estimated that up to three times as much ozone and secondary organic aerosol may be produced from dung- chulha as opposed to brushwood- chulha cook fires. While aromatic compounds dominated as secondary organic aerosol precursors from all types of cook fires, benzene was responsible for the majority of SOA formation potential from all chulha cook fire VOCs, while substituted aromatics were more important for dung- angithi . Future studies should investigate benzene exposures from different stove and fuel combinations and model SOA formation from cook fire VOCs to verify public health and air quality impacts from cook fires.